Self-hardening alloy of iron and steel.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES CHURCHWARD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SELF-HARDENING ALLOY OF IRON AND STEEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 5, 1907.

Application filed November 1,1906. Serial No. 841,556.

1 to produce a self-hardenin metal, as will be hereinafter described, whic will be suitable for many uses and purposes. In carrymg out the present invention there 1s mixed with pure refined iron or steel relatively smallproportions of nickel, tungsten, chromium, manganese, and vanadium, and the alloy is melted and cast into the proper shapes.

A suitable proportion of the several metals for producin a self-hardening steel will be understood om the following formula, in which the proportions are designated 1n percentages by weight-namely, steel, (con- :talning 0.6 per cent. carbon,) 94.60; nickel,

- 3.00; tungsten, 0.50; chromium, 1.50; manganese, 0.25; vanadium, 0.15; total, 100.00. The carbon may be added to the iron or steel in many known ways, and it may vary froni 0.20 to one er eent., according to the uses to whichtlie alloy is to be a plied. The ercenta es of the alloying meta s may also e varie' to some extent for the same reason. For example, these metals may va in proportion, by weight, as follows: stee from 90.00 to. 95.00 parts; nickel, from one to 3.50 parts; tungsten, from 0.15 to 0.50

parts; chromium, from 0.50 to two parts; manganese, from 0.15 to 0.70 parts; vanadium, from 0.05 to 0.25 parts.

It is believed that the alloyin elements named react on each other to pro uce chemical and molecular changes of such a nature that the tungsten, chromium, and manganese are permitted to harden the steel, while the vanadium removes or prevents brittleness and imparts toughnesswithout softening the alloy. Ferro compounds of the several alloying metals may be usedin lieu of the puremetals. In cases where the product 1s to have extreme toughness and hardness the tungsten maybe omitted.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. An alloy containing the following metals in about the proportions given, namely: steel, which contains from 0.2 to 0.6 per cent. of carbon, from ninety to ninetyfive parts; nickel, from one to 3.5 parts; chromium, from 0.5 to two parts; manganese,

from 0.15 to 0.7 parts, and vanadium, from -miun1, 1.5 parts; manganese, 0.25 parts;

tungsten, 0.05 parts, and vanadium, 0.15 parts.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 31st day of October, 1906, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES CHURCHWARD. Witnesses:

H. G. 'HosE, Y i WILLIAM J. 

